No sabemos qué hay detrás, pero podemos darnos el gusto de llenarlo de pintadas. Blog sobre Ciencia, Tecnología y Política que, como luz y materia tras el Muro, son casi la misma cosa.
El 25 de septiembre de 1608, un humilde artesano de Middleburg se atrevió a molestar al príncipe holandés Mauricio de Nassau con un tubo de latón en apariencia inofensivo. Era Hans Lipperhey. Por aquel entonces el territorio holandés estaba sumido en una cruenta guerra civil. Los bandos enfrentados eran, por una parte, las fuerzas españolas ocupantes –católicas–, y por otra las provincias rebeldes del Norte –protestantes–. En una de las débiles treguas el príncipe mostró el ingenio a los dirigentes de las otras provincias, así como al propio comandante en jefe de las tropas españolas, el muy sorprendido marqués Ambrosio Spínola, que afirman exclamó: «A partir de ahora no podré estar más tiempo seguro, ya que me verás llegar a lo lejos».
No habría de pasar ni un año para que los entonces denominados como “vidrios para espiar” se extendieran como la pólvora por toda Europa. En julio será otro hábil artesano, el italiano Galileo Galilei, el que tenga preparado su propio telescopio para impresionar con él al Senado veneciano oteando el horizonte desde el campanario de la catedral de san Marcos. Aunque sólo magnificara tres veces, será más que suficiente como para que Galileo sea contratado de por vida. Lo que ocurrió después es de sobra conocido: A Galileo le tiró más la ciencia que la milicia y, con instrumentos de hasta treinta aumentos, reveló secretos del Cielo tales como las fases de Venus, las altas montañas lunares o los cuatro satélites principales de Júpiter, así como la extraña forma de Saturno o las enigmáticas manchas solares.
Pintura del siglo XIX que representa a Galileo haciendo una demostración de su telescopio en 1609
Pero volvamos a Hans Lipperhey. Pocos días después de su entrevista con el príncipe Mauricio patenta –o, al menos, lo intenta– su invento y se le adjudica un jugoso contrato. Aunque poco dura la alegría en casa del pobre porque al telescopio le salen padres por toda Holanda: Jacob Metius, Zacharias Janssen y hasta un tercer artesano de apellido desconocido muestran cosas parecidas o idénticas. A falta de pruebas de ADN, las autoridades holandesas declinan conceder la patente. Y es que casi cualquiera podía construir un catalejo si tenía las lentes apropiadas: una cóncava –el ocular– y una convexa –el objetivo–. El uso de lentes cóncavas y convexas como anteojos se remonta a mucho tiempo atrás. Alrededor de 1286 ya aparecen en Italia, y las primeras eran recomendadas “para jóvenes”, pues corregían la miopía, y las segundas “para distintas edades adultas”, pues corregían la presbicia. La cuestión estribaba, entonces, en saber a quién se le había ocurrido primero la feliz idea de poner una delante de la otra. Dicen que dijo Lipperhey que fueron sus hijos quienes, jugando traviesamente con algunas de sus lentes, habrían descubierto su poder magnificador de forma accidental mirando la veleta de una torre. Pero mucho más sugerente y misteriosa es la afirmación del milanés Girolamo Sirtori, que habría escrito que un desconocido comprador de lentes las habría colocado juntas en el taller delante de Lipperhey para comprobar su calidad. Lipperhey, intrigado, habría hecho lo mismo una vez cerrada la venta, encontrándose con la inesperada sorpresa.
Sirtori no era el único italiano interesado en el próspero negocio de los vidrios para espiar. Primero su compatriota Giovanni Battista Della Porta –un prestigioso inventor napolitano–, y posteriormente el florentino Rafael Gualterotti reclamarán su paternidad. También lo hará el mismo Galileo –tan genial como soberbio–, en discusión epistolar con los anteriores. Pero es Sirtori el que en 1612, en uno de sus libros acerca de la invención del telescopio, aporta una pista tan sugerente como enigmática. Allí nos transporta a 1609, año en el que conoce en Gerona a un “viejo artesano débil y cansado” al que denomina Roget, fabricante de anteojos, afirmando que éste le mostró, además de la armadura de su telescopio –muy enmohecido por el paso del tiempo–, las fórmulas para su construcción así como “la anotación de las proporciones con tres puntos.” Gracias a ello Sirtori afirmará haber perfeccionado sus experimentos y redactado las tablas reproducidas en su libro para fabricarlos.
¿Qué hay de cierto y qué hay de falso en este antiguo texto? ¿Existió Roget? Sorprendido con la lectura del libro de Sirtori, un médico oftalmólogo barcelonés –además de coleccionista de instrumentos ópticos e historiador, Josep María Simón de Guilleuma– se sumergió literalmente a mediados del siglo xx en los archivos catalanes de parroquias y ayuntamientos en busca de información para identificar a los personajes citados por el antiguo viajero italiano. Y el éxito le acompaña en sus indagaciones, publicando sus hallazgos en el IX Congreso de Historia de la Ciencia celebrado en 1959 en Barcelona. Según Simón de Guilleuma, un tal Joan Roget sería el auténtico inventor del telescopio.
Sobre cómo habría llegado la idea de Roget desde Gerona primero hasta Italia y posteriormente hasta Holanda, hay multitud de hipótesis a cuál más inverosímil, pero que fueron entrelazadas con cierto criterio por el británico Nick Pelling en el año 2008, y publicadas por la revista History Today. Aunque la mayoría de libros de texto y divulgación que podemos consultar hoy en día siguen otorgando la paternidad del telescopio a Hans Lipperhey, no sabemos a ciencia cierta si el telescopio comenzó como un juego de niños enredando con lentes por un tubo, o bien fue fruto del inmarcesible ingenio español que culminaría poniendo otro tubo en el extremo de un mocho y llamándolo fregona. Pero quién sabe si, durante los últimos cuatrocientos años, los astrónomos de todo el mundo han estado mirando los cielos a través de ojos españoles. Es emocionante pensarlo así.
It work automatically after get the instruction of the synchronization in the computer and try to keep the balance between the application and the computer system sync windows. Which is the best medium of the good working in the sync your settings.
Telescopes were made by Galileo, a refractor telescope with two focal points, yet to be reasonable, this was Hans Lippershey, who set up the two lenses together. The Newtonian telescope had the ability to conquer display day optical impacts of refraction hues in imaging little questions utilizing focal points with a reflecting mirror telescope.
Yes unconditionally correct using too many schemes always hurts any commercial. Many savers spend their wealth for the additional income and for the spectators in the right home of the occupational.
If the goal of this question is to elicit a proof of the physical meaning of the Planck duration, then the handiest honest response to its miles that no person can now deliver such an explanation and that it's far doubtful whether or not all people will ever be capable of supply one.
Present gifts, candies, jewelry or any small giftable items in our modern flip top boxes with magnetic closure. The flip top boxes come with a magnetic catch that is attached to the lid for easy closing of the box. You can choose the exterior of the flip top boxes with magnetic closure from a range of designs and options. Choose colors and design of your choice for these decorative gift boxes with lids.
These flip top boxes with magnetic closure are also ideal for corporate giveaways and exhibitions. Give a high-end impression to your company or brand by choosing these premium quality flip top boxes that come with magnetic closure for convenient packaging. These magnetic gift boxes also serve as a secure storage box.
Custom paper bags with logo designs printed on the top, sides or front of paper bags are the perfect budget-friendly solution for your company or brand. Improve your brand recognition and brand identity with our exclusive design, themes and styles of custom paper bags with logo.
Best thing about our custom paper bags is that they are designed beautifully with your logo printed on the paper bags. This helps your product to get more visibility and presence as your paper bags offers free promotion for your brand while they are carried by your customers.
I really loved reading your blog. It was very well authored and easy to undertand. Unlike additional blogs I have read which are really not tht good. I also found your posts very interesting. In fact after reading, I had to go show it to my friend and he ejoyed it as well!
Very useful post. This is my first time i visit here. I found so many interesting stuff in your blog especially its discussion. Really its great article.
www.iwantitlikethis.com
Hi, I find reading this article a joy. It is extremely helpful and interesting and very much looking forward to reading more of your work.
www.kingboowood.com
his is my first time i visit here. I found so many entertaining stuff in your blog, especially its discussion. From the tons of comments on your articles, I guess I am not the only one having all the leisure here! Keep up the excellent work
www.poetsloveher.com
Its a great pleasure reading your post.Its full of information I am looking for and I love to post a comment that "The content of your post is awesome" Great work.
www.dailytechnologystudy.com
I have as of late begun a web journal, the data you give on this website has helped me significantly. A debt of gratitude is in order for the majority of your time and work.
www.eatnowdrinklater.com
You finished a couple fine focuses there. I did an inquiry on the subject and discovered about all persons will oblige with your online journal.
www.repeatproperty.com
I definitely enjoying every little bit of it. It is a great website and nice share. I want to thank you. Good job! You guys do a great blog, and have some great contents. Keep up the good work.
perloansbadcredit.com
This is an awesome motivating article.I am practically satisfied with your great work.You put truly extremely accommodating data. Keep it up. Continue blogging. Hoping to perusing your next post.
www.oursnetwork.com
I really loved reading your blog. It was very well authored and easy to undertand. Unlike additional blogs I have read which are really not tht good. I also found your posts very interesting. In fact after reading, I had to go show it to my friend and he ejoyed it as well!
small-home-ideas.com
I am happy to find this post very useful for me. as it contains lot of information. I always prefer to read the quality content and this thing I found in you post.
www.smartallabout.com
This is an awesome motivating article.I am practically satisfied with your great work.You put truly extremely accommodating data. Keep it up. Continue blogging. Hoping to perusing your next post.
This is a truly good site post. Not too many people would actually, the way you just did. I am really impressed that there is so much information about this subject that have been uncovered and you’ve done your best, with so much class. If wanted to know more about green smoke reviews, than by all means come in and check our stuff.
www.smartallabout.com
The article you have shared here very awesome. I really like and appreciated your work. I read deeply your article, the points you have mentioned in this article are useful
youtube Бесплатная загрузка видеокатастрофы
This is an awesome motivating article.I am practically satisfied with your great work.You put truly extremely accommodating data. Keep it up. Continue blogging Hoping to perusing your next post.
Dear friends My name is Archana kumari and I'm one of the most trusted escort service provider since many past years. If you are seeking a fabulous call girl as a female escort during your visit to any city or abroad and your wife or girl friend is not with you, Then follow me on the links to hire a seductive girl for bed pleasure during night.
Kolkata is the greatest understood and magnificent area in the India. All the year individuals arrived appropriate here for a giggle and amusement. It is one of the five star urban areas inside the world. Everywhere throughout the field, individuals are doing outstanding organizations here. Day by means of day Kolkata populace is developing. In Kolkata, there are numerous organizations which can be providing top notch and VIP Kolkata Escorts administrations. The call for Kolkata escorts in Kolkata might be exceptionally unreasonable. Nearby individuals can comprehend them easily. We are one of the astounding organizations in Kolkata and recently we discharged this site for our clients. Here you could take all kind of contributions. We are connected with Kolkata escorts in Kolkata, Autonomous Kolkata escorts, VIP escorts, variant escorts and high schooler young ladies. Our basic reason is to offer you palatable recreation and a snicker. On the off chance that you are separated from everyone else so now you need to take our administrations. We are and also bestowing you ideal here Kolkata escorts, Kolkata escorts and call young lady administrations.
Here:- Kolkata-Escorts Kolkata-Escorts-services Independent-Escorts-in-Kolkata Kolkata-Call-Girls
This is unquestionably an extraordinary post and explaining employment and pictures here and the plan is an excellent way to enhance the adventure. I like it and help me to advancement very well. Thank you for this brief explanation and very nice information. quyết định nghỉ việc
Positive site, where did u come up with the information on this posting?I have read a few of the articles on your website now, and I really like your style. Thanks a million and please keep up the effective work.www.dailyrealestatestudy.com
This is such a great resource that you are providing and you give it away for free. I love seeing websites that understand the value of providing a quality resource for free. It is the old what goes around comes around routine.
www.dailyfashionstudy.com
I wish more authors of this type of content would take the time you did to research and write so well. I am very impressed with your vision and insight.
www.dailytechnologystudy.com
Thank you for sending me the information about [list what it was about]. I learned [what you learned] from it. رزرو هتل بندرعباس AND رزرو هتل آبادان AND رزرو هتل قشم I appreciate you the detail you went into [topic that was covered]. I am grateful for the amount of time and effort you put into this helping us. Your insights and summary are beneficial.
This is a big post. This office gives truly quality information. I’m definitely going to mejor psicologa en madrid look into it. Really very useful tips are presented here. Thank you for this brief explanation and very nice information. Keep up the good works. I like it and help me to development very well.
Thanks for sharing this information. I really like your blog post very much. You have really shared a informative and interesting blog post with people..
rankear primero en google
Positive site, where did u come up with the information on this posting? I'm pleased I discovered it though, ill be checking back soon to find out what additional posts you include.
alimentos premium para perros
I am very enjoyed for this blog. Its an informative topic. It help me very much to solve some problems. Its opportunity are so fantastic and working style so speedy.
causas del maltrato infantil
Your article has piqued a lot of positive interest. I can see why since you have done such a good job of making it interesting.
Curso Tecnico de Sonido
I can set up my new idea from this post. It gives in depth information. Thanks for this valuable information for all,..
aprender Masterizacion de sonido
I high appreciate this post. It’s hard to find the good from the bad sometimes, but I think you’ve nailed it! would you mind updating your blog with more information?
el amor y el enamoramiento
This is highly informatics, crisp and clear. I think that everything has been described in systematic manner so that reader could get maximum information and learn many things.
Sistema de Conciliacion Bancaria
Hi, I find reading this article a joy. It is extremely helpful and interesting and very much looking forward to reading more of your work..
tumbextumblr posts
I would like to thank you for the efforts you have made in writing this article. I am hoping the same best work from you in the future as well. Thanks...
Bolsos de fiesta
Great Info! I Recently Came Across Your Blog And Have Been Reading Along. I Thought I Would Leave My First Comment. I Don’t Know What To Say Except That I Have
This article gives the light in which we can observe the reality. This is very nice one and gives indepth information. Thanks for this nice article.
curso de opciones
If you are looking for a heating and air conditioning company in the Tulsa County area, Our professional technicians can help you select, install, and maintain equipment to assure efficiency, reliability, and comfort over the lifetime of your products
Seminuevos en Monterrey
Best is the hottest Kolkata escort +916291368075 who offer 24/7 escorts service in Kolkata to those guys who are looking for new partner or single.
https://www.simranindependentescort.com/about-us.html
Thanks for a wonderful share. Your article has proved your hard work and experience you have got in this field. Brilliant .i love it reading.
Lentes de sol
This is my first time i visit here and I found so many interesting stuff in your blog especially it's discussion, thank you.
Limpieza en Comunidades Cantabria
This post gives truly voyance en direct quality information. I am already done it and find that this post is really amazing. Thank you for this brief explanation and very nice information. Keep up the good works.
I was surfing net and fortunately came across this site and found very interesting stuff here. Its really fun to read. I enjoyed a lot. Thanks for sharing this wonderful information.
limpieza de grafitis en Albacete
Awesome blog. I enjoyed reading your articles. This is truly a great read for me. I have bookmarked it and I am looking forward to reading new articles. Keep up the good work!
Parasoles Coche
I think this is a really good article. You make this information interesting and engaging. You give readers a lot to think about and I appreciate that kind of writing.
volquetes zona sur
I found your this post while searching for some related information on blog search...Its a good post..keep posting and update the information.
que es una aplicacion
Thanks for posting this info. I just want to let you know that I just check out your site and I find it very interesting and informative. I can't wait to read lots of your posts.
Palabras clave:
Thanks for a wonderful share. Your article has proved your hard work and experience you have got in this field. Brilliant .i love it reading.
API whatsapp business software CRM
What a fantabulous post this has been. Never seen this kind of useful post. I am grateful to you and expect more number of posts like these. Thank you very much.
hotel magic express
What a fantabulous post this has been. Never seen this kind of useful post. I am grateful to you and expect more number of posts like these. Thank you very much.
holamarito
You have done a great job on this article. It’s very readable and highly intelligent. You have even managed to make it understandable and easy to read. You have some real writing talent. Thank you.
Inversiones
Its a great pleasure reading your post.Its full of information I am looking for and I love to post a comment that "The content of your post is awesome" Great work.
desarrollo de apps
Its a great pleasure reading your post.Its full of information I am looking for and I love to post a comment that "The content of your post is awesome" Great work.
desarrollo de apps
Thanks for the info. Really loved reading it. Wanted to have the best Amazon FBA Tools, if so check out out detailed Helium 10 vs Viral Launch comparison now.
Thanks for the info. Really loved reading it. Wanted to have the best Amazon FBA Tools, if so check out out detailed Helium 10 vs Viral Launch comparison now.
prodotto, questa specifica protesi in materiale plastico migliora l'elettricità restituita, va via il risultato che le scarpe da ginnastica consentono, insieme a consente al tuo supporto di preservare il loro design durante l'intero ritmo. Per quanto riguarda gli sportivi, questo significa che le sneaker producono un nuovo efficace supporto combinato, assistenza e anche un'esperienza di base sensibile, che sono sempre stati i segni distintivi delle sneaker Mizuno disponibili per la vendita anche oggi.
Stellen Sie sicher, dass Sie über den Monitor oder sogar über die Pfade des Schuh-Onlineshops fahren.Die Organisation kann auch brandneue Achilles-Sportschuhe umfassen. Safeguard-Technologie zum Schutz der wichtigsten Sehnen, da das Pfeilspitzendesign der sehr gummierten Schuhe Palladium Baggy kaufen Laufsohle eine schnelle Bewegung der hinteren Ferse in Richtung Fuß ermöglicht. Es gibt einen Innenschuh, der Komfort und Leichtigkeit sowie Unterstützung garantiert, wie der FitKnit.
å gjøre mens jeg Adidas Varial Mid norge trengte ideen til hjemmetrener hockey joggesko kvinner joggesko tidligere i løpet av 1 uke.
De beste joggeskoene i bakgården har også en Primeknit-utvikling, men hvordan Adidas kan være nødt til å pakke din nåværende base er unik ved bruk av denne typen joggesko. I stedet for å bruke et strikket sekund som virkelig sikrer bare løpende joggesko de overlegne 50% av din nåværende base og også blir klistret på mellomsålen med omkretsene, denne spesifikke strikkevarianten.
Very useful post. This is my first time i visit here. I found so many interesting stuff in your blog especially its discussion. Really its great article. Keep it up.
parques acuaticos
paling veerkrachtig en ook goed gedempt in alle kwalen. Mijn partner Adidas D Rose 9 schoen kopen en ik kregen dat daarbuiten met een ochtendrennen met behulp van een ijsavond in herenschoenen of laarzen boven Nyc. Met al het kwik dat naar de jonge volwassenen dimt, zou gewoon AVOI geheugenschuim zeker moeilijker aanvoelen in vergelijking met veel meer gemiddelde temperatuurbereiken. De specifieke UltraBoost 20 stuurde desalniettemin de maximale hoeveelheid schokabsorptie over ijskoude straten toen i.
För att bli förvirrad när du använder perfekta träningssneakers kan behoven variera för människorna. Generellt sett är köp Adidas MC-X 1 skor det inte att de är toppkörningar med sneakers, men det kan vara bra, vi har en topp 10 med sneakersna så mycket.
Tips om hur du kan få sneakers välja ett kvalificerat joggingträningsföretag på motorvägen
Även om nästa vindstorm blir lite frigid, betyder det inte nödvändigtvis att du har avslappnade sneakers för att stoppa din nuvarande joggingra.
korkea kantapää venyy, kun maastot yhdessä jokaisen vaiheen kanssa. Joten kengät tai saappaat käyvät ostoksilla irrotettuna erityisen korkeakorkoisen työtason keskeltä, joka koskee päivittäisiä kenkiä tai saappaita, joustavamman ja kätevämmän tiedon. Auta Puma XO Parallel Kengät kauppa tekemään yksinkertaisesti turhaa, tämäntyyppinen on varmasti polun alku. Sitä puuttuu käytännöllisesti katsoen kaikista lohkareista tulevista puolustusurheilujalkineista tai saappaista ja myös oksista. Siitä huolimatta siinä on grippier-ulkopohja, joka on halpoja kenkiä tai saappaita, jotka on valmistettu samanlaisiksi kuin sääolosuhteetkin UltraBoost.
lábbelitől a határokon át minden olyan állandó utazáshoz, amely sima, nem zavarónak tűnik. Ez hozzájárul ahhoz, hogy a tényleges szabadság egy kicsit súlyosabbá váljon, azonban a tesztelők felfedezték, hogy a lábbeli nem informális, még nehézkes vagy még lassú is, valójában a hosszú cipőüzlet utolsó kilométerei alatt működnek. A tényleges lábbeli Asics Gel-Kayano Trainer cipő eladó sok olcsó lábbeli-párnát adott, anélkül, hogy alatta „mushíz” érzés lenne.
Thanks for sharing the post.. parents are worlds best person in each lives of individual..they need or must succeed to sustain needs of the family.
que ver en cancun
I really enjoyed reading this post, big fan. Keep up the good work andplease tell me when can you publish more articles or where can I read more on the subject?
safari in punta cana
Pretty good post. I just stumbled upon your blog and wanted to say that I have really enjoyed reading your blog posts. Any way I'll be subscribing to your feed and I hope you post again soon. Big thanks for the useful info.
mirador de kossler
Pretty good post. I just stumbled upon your blog and wanted to say that I have really enjoyed reading your blog posts. Any way I'll be subscribing to your feed and I hope you post again soon. Big thanks for the useful info.
torrents-proxy.com
This site surely wonderful and awesome pravo data and also this is best awesome. I will definitively come back to more times this year! Thanks for informative post.
I read this article. I think You put https://www.unikeep.com/ a lot of effort to make this article. I like your work. Keep sharing your quality views. Thank you!
I found that site very usefull and this survey is very cirious, I ' ve never seen a blog that demand a survey for this actions, very curious...
atracciones en cancun
Winpalace88 adalah tempat terbaik untuk mencari arena sabung ayam yang sudah sangat populer sejak dahulu kala. Bekerja sama dengan agen sabung ayam terkemuka di Indonesia, yaitu S128 dan SV388, Winpalace88 menyediakan arena sabung ayam secara online dengan menggunakan deposit pulsa.
What your declaring is completely real. I know that everybody have to say the exact same point, but I just assume that you set it in a way that everyone can fully grasp. I also really like the images you set in here. They fit so effectively with what youre hoping to say. Im guaranteed youll attain so numerous folks with what youve obtained to say. Barber midtown
Pretty good post. I just stumbled upon your blog and wanted to say that I have really enjoyed reading your blog posts. Any way I'll be subscribing to your feed and I hope you post again soon. Big thanks for the useful info.
terapia infantil
